Evidence-based condition library

Dog Health Conditions A-Z

Practical, veterinary-informed condition guides designed to improve early detection, reduce preventable risk, and support stronger decisions during clinical visits.

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All condition guides

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Moderate Respiratory

Kennel Cough Complex (Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis)

Onset: Any age; highest risk in puppies, senior dogs, and immunocompromised dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Skin Allergies

Onset: Commonly starts between 1-3 years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Cranial Cruciate Ligament Tear (CCL/ACL)

Onset: Typically 4-8 years; can occur earlier in large breeds

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Onset: Can occur at any age, with recurrence risk rising in middle-aged and senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Respiratory

Reverse Sneezing

Onset: Any age; more noticeable in brachycephalic breeds

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Skin Cancer

Onset: More common after 7 years

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Kennel Cough (Infectious Tracheobronchitis)

Onset: Most common in puppies and young dogs; any unvaccinated or immunocompromised dog at risk

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Hot Spots (Acute Moist Dermatitis)

Onset: Any age; peak incidence in warm, humid months

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Ringworm (Dermatophytosis)

Onset: Any age; more common in puppies and immunocompromised dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Joint Supplements

Onset: Most relevant in middle-aged and senior dogs, and high-load working breeds

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Anxiety

Onset: Can start at any age, often young adult

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Mange (Demodectic & Sarcoptic)

Onset: Demodectic: typically puppies 3-18 months; Sarcoptic: any age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Arthritis

Onset: Most common after 6 years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Anal Gland Disease

Onset: Can occur at any age; obesity and small body size are the most significant risk factors

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Heartworm Disease

Onset: Can occur at any age without prevention, with cumulative risk over seasons of mosquito exposure

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Anal Sac Impaction

Onset: Any age; more common in small and medium breeds

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Salmon Poisoning Disease

Onset: Any age, geographic (Pacific Northwest)

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Lyme Disease

Onset: Any age after tick exposure, with signs often emerging weeks to months later

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Cherry Eye (Third Eyelid Gland Prolapse)

Onset: Most common in dogs under 2 years of age; brachycephalic breeds are at highest risk

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Hip Dysplasia

Onset: Can appear in puppies, often worsens with age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Urinary Incontinence

Onset: Most common in middle-aged to senior spayed females; can occur at any age with anatomical causes

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Cancer

Onset: Risk increases in middle-aged and senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Conjunctivitis

Onset: Any age; more frequent in brachycephalic breeds

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Atopic Dermatitis

Onset: Most often begins between 6 months and 3 years, with flare cycles over life

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Nasal Hyperkeratosis (Dry Nose)

Onset: Idiopathic: typically middle-aged to senior; breed-related: any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Canine Influenza

Onset: Any age; puppies, elderly dogs, and brachycephalic breeds are at higher risk for severe disease

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)

Onset: Often first recognized in early adult to senior years, depending on type

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Corneal Ulcer

Onset: Can occur at any age; brachycephalic breeds at elevated risk due to exophthalmos; older dogs at increased risk for indolent ulcers

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Food Allergy

Onset: Can begin at any age, often with chronic non-seasonal itch and recurrent ear or GI flares

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Hypothermia

Onset: Any age; highest risk in puppies, senior dogs, and toy/small breeds

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Colitis

Onset: Any age; stress-related colitis common in young to middle-aged dogs

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Ehrlichiosis

Onset: Can occur at any age; German Shepherds may have breed-specific susceptibility to severe chronic forms

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Luxating Patella

Onset: Often first noticed in young to middle-aged dogs

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Obesity & Metabolic

Obesity

Onset: Can occur at any age, most often from young adulthood onward

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Congestive Heart Failure

Onset: Most common in middle-aged to senior dogs with underlying heart disease

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Leptospirosis

Onset: Any age; working dogs, hunting dogs, and dogs with wildlife or water exposure are highest risk

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Mammary Tumors

Onset: Most commonly diagnosed in intact females between 7 and 12 years of age; rare before 4 years

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Seborrhea

Onset: Primary: before 2 years; Secondary: any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Entropion

Onset: Often present from puppyhood; may worsen during adolescent growth or develop secondary to other eye disease

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Pyometra

Onset: Most common in intact middle-aged to senior females

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Cataracts

Onset: Can be inherited, diabetic-associated, or age-related

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Fungal Infections (Systemic)

Onset: Can occur at any age; young to middle-aged dogs (2-4 years) are commonly affected in endemic regions

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Hemangiosarcoma

Onset: Most common in middle-aged to senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Perianal Fistula

Onset: Most often diagnosed in middle-aged dogs with chronic perianal inflammation and painful defecation

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Seizures & Epilepsy

Onset: Idiopathic epilepsy often appears in young to middle-aged adults

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Cognitive Decline

Onset: Most common in senior dogs, especially after age 9

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Ear Hematoma (Aural Hematoma)

Onset: Any age; more common in dogs with chronic ear disease

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Lymphoma

Onset: Most common in middle-aged to senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Tick Paralysis

Onset: Can affect any dog at any age; young dogs and smaller dogs may develop more severe signs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Tracheal Collapse

Onset: Most common in middle-aged and senior small-breed dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Onset: Most often identified in middle-aged to senior large and giant breeds, but screening starts earlier in predisposed lines

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency (EPI)

Onset: Often recognized in young-adult to middle-aged dogs after progressive digestive signs and weight loss

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Glaucoma

Onset: Can occur at multiple ages; risk rises with breed predisposition and age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Heart Disease

Onset: Risk increases in middle-aged and senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Mitral Valve Disease

Onset: Most common in middle-aged to senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Pancreatitis

Onset: Most common in middle-aged and senior dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Acute Gastritis

Onset: Any age; most common in young to middle-aged dogs

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Cruciate Ligament Disease

Onset: Most common in middle-aged and senior dogs

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Kidney Disease

Onset: Most common in middle-aged and senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Mast Cell Tumor

Onset: More common in middle-aged to senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Muscle Wasting and Sarcopenia

Onset: Age-related sarcopenia accelerates after age 7-8 in most breeds; secondary muscle wasting can occur at any age with illness or immobility

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Diabetes

Onset: Most common in middle-aged and senior dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Gastric Ulcers

Onset: Any age; often associated with specific medications, stress, or underlying disease rather than breed alone

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Vestibular Disease

Onset: Often sudden in older dogs, but can occur at multiple ages

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Von Willebrand Disease

Onset: Inherited from birth but often recognized during surgery, trauma, or unexpected bleeding events

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Elbow Dysplasia

Onset: Often begins during growth with clinical progression from adolescence into adulthood

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Neurological & Cognitive

Exercise-Induced Collapse

Onset: Typically first identified in dogs 5 months to 3 years old during strenuous exercise; underlying mutation is present from birth

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Hypothyroidism

Onset: Most often diagnosed in middle-aged dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Osteochondrosis Dissecans

Onset: Most commonly 4-8 months of age; signs typically appear during the rapid growth phase in large breeds

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Osteosarcoma

Onset: Most common in middle-aged to senior large and giant breeds

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Prostatic Disease

Onset: Benign prostatic hyperplasia begins in intact males from 5 years of age; prostatitis and carcinoma typically affect dogs 7 years and older

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Cushing's Disease

Onset: Most common in middle-aged and senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Dental

Dental Disease

Onset: Can begin early, worsens with age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Laryngeal Paralysis

Onset: Most common in middle-aged to senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Liver Disease

Onset: Can occur at any age; chronic forms are more common in middle-aged and senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Wobbler Syndrome

Onset: Often recognized in young to middle-aged large and giant breeds, with variable progression speed

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Bloat (GDV)

Onset: Most common in adult and senior deep-chested dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy

Onset: Typically 2-8 months of age during rapid growth phase; most commonly at 3-4 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia

Onset: Can occur at multiple ages, often in young to middle-aged adults, with recurrence risk over time

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Chronic Enteropathy)

Onset: Most common in young to middle-aged adults, but can occur at any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)

Onset: Often recognized from young-adult to middle age, depending on PRA subtype and breed lineage

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Sebaceous Adenitis

Onset: Typically appears between 1 and 5 years of age in predisposed breeds

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Degenerative Myelopathy

Onset: Usually appears in senior dogs, most often after age 8

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Hormonal Alopecia

Onset: Typically middle-aged to older dogs; some patterns emerge in sexually intact dogs at any adult age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis

Onset: Most commonly young to middle-aged adults (1-6 years); certain erosive forms affect specific breeds at younger ages

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Megaesophagus

Onset: Can appear in puppyhood (congenital) or later adulthood (acquired)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Nasal Aspergillosis

Onset: Typically diagnosed in young to middle-aged dogs, often 1-7 years of age; rare in very young or geriatric dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Portosystemic Shunt

Onset: Most congenital cases are identified in puppyhood or young adulthood

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Bladder Stones & Urinary Disease

Onset: Can occur at any age, but most common in adult and senior dogs

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Ear Infections

Onset: Any age, often recurrent in allergy-prone and floppy-eared dogs

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Eye Conditions

Onset: Varies by condition, breed, and underlying disease

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Aortic Stenosis

Onset: Congenital lesion present early; clinical burden may emerge from puppyhood through young adulthood

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Brachycephalic Syndrome

Onset: Often apparent in young adulthood, but signs may worsen with age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Chronic Bronchitis

Onset: Most common in middle-aged and senior small-breed dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Cancer

Cutaneous Histiocytoma

Onset: Most common in dogs under 3 years of age; uncommon in dogs over 6 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Onset: Typically diagnosed in young to middle-aged adults, often between 2 and 7 years of age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Protein-Losing Enteropathy

Onset: Typically identified in adulthood, with progression risk when chronic GI signs are under-monitored

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Spinal Disorders

Onset: Can occur at any age depending on disorder type

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Addison's Disease

Onset: Often diagnosed in young to middle-aged adults, but can occur at any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Biliary Mucocele

Onset: Most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged to senior dogs, typically 6 years and older

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Masticatory Muscle Myositis

Onset: Most commonly diagnosed in dogs 3-8 years of age, though it can occur at any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Pericardial Effusion

Onset: Most common in middle-aged to older large and giant breed dogs; idiopathic type more common in large breeds

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Copper-Associated Hepatopathy

Onset: Typically diagnosed in middle-aged to senior dogs (5-10 years), though copper accumulation begins earlier in predisposed breeds

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Atlantoaxial Instability

Onset: Most commonly diagnosed in dogs under 2 years of age; adult-onset cases occur secondary to trauma

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Steroid-Responsive Meningitis-Arteritis (SRMA)

Onset: Most commonly affects young adult dogs, typically 6-18 months; a second peak occurs in middle age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Acanthosis Nigricans

Onset: Typically 1+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Acetaminophen Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Acquired Portosystemic Shunt

Onset: Typically with liver disease

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Acral Lick Dermatitis

Onset: Typically 3+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Kidney & Urinary

Acute Kidney Injury

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Acute Liver Failure

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Acute Pancreatitis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Adenocarcinoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Endocrine

Adrenal Insufficiency

Onset: Typically 4-6 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Adrenal Tumors

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Advanced Tracheal Collapse

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Behavioral

Aggression

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Alcohol Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Allergic Reaction and Anaphylaxis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Alopecia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Endocrine

Alopecia X

Onset: Typically 2-5 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Anal Gland Infection

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma

Onset: Typically 9-11 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Anal Sacculitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Anaplasmosis

Onset: Can occur at any age; dogs in tick-endemic regions face year-round risk regardless of breed or life stage

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Anemia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Angular Limb Deformity

Onset: During growth (3-8 months)

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Anterior Uveitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Antifreeze Poisoning

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Aortic Aneurysm

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Aortic Regurgitation

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Aortopulmonary Window

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Apocrine Gland Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

Onset: Typically 5-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Aspiration Pneumonia

Onset: any age, higher risk in seniors

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Asteroid Hyalosis

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Atrial Fibrillation

Onset: Can occur at any age; most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged to older giant and large breed dogs, though lone AF in Irish Wolfhounds may appear earlier

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Atrial Septal Defect

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Atrial Standstill

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Atrioventricular Valve Dysplasia

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Aural Hematoma

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

Onset: Typically 4-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Onset: Typically 2-5 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head

Onset: Typically 4-11 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Babesiosis

Onset: Can occur at any age; young dogs and immunocompromised individuals may develop more severe disease

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Bacterial Endocarditis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Other

Balanoposthitis

Onset: Any age, intact males

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Biceps Tendinopathy

Onset: Typically 4+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Bite Wounds

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Bladder Cancer

Onset: Typically 9-11 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Bladder Polyps

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Kidney & Urinary

Bladder Rupture

Onset: Any age (trauma)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Blastomycosis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Blastomycosis

Onset: Most commonly diagnosed in young to middle-aged dogs (2-4 years), though any age can be affected; large sporting breeds are overrepresented

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Bloat and GDV

Onset: Any age, large/giant breeds

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Blood Clotting Disorders

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Bone Cysts

Onset: Typically under 2 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Boxer Arrhythmia (ARVC)

Onset: Typically 5-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome

Onset: Congenital

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Brain Abscess

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Brain Tumors

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Breed-Specific Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Onset: Typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Brucellosis

Onset: Any age, breeding dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Bundle Branch Block

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Burns

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Obesity & Metabolic

Cachexia

Onset: Any age with chronic disease

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Calcinosis Cutis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Callus Dermatitis

Onset: Typically 3+ years

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Canine Atopy

Onset: Typically 1-3 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Dental

Canine Dental Caries (Cavities)

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Canine Distemper

Onset: Any age, especially puppies

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Canine Herpesvirus

Onset: Neonatal puppies

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Canine Metabolic Syndrome

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Obesity & Metabolic

Canine Obesity

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Canine Papillomavirus

Onset: Typically under 2 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Respiratory

Canine Parainfluenza

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Canine Parvovirus (Immune Response)

Onset: Primarily puppies

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Arrest

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Arrhythmias

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Cachexia

Onset: Typically late-stage heart disease

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Contusion

Onset: Any age (trauma)

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Fibrosis

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Cardiac Hemangiosarcoma

Onset: Typically 8-12 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Lymphoma

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Syncope

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Tamponade

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiac Tumors

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Carpal Hyperextension

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Cauda Equina Syndrome

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Caval Syndrome

Onset: Any age with heartworm

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Cecal Inversion

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Central Blindness

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Cerebellar Abiotrophy

Onset: Typically 6 weeks-6 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Ceruminous Gland Adenocarcinoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Cervical Disc Disease

Onset: Typically 3-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Chemodectoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Chiari-like Malformation

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Chocolate Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Chondrosarcoma

Onset: Typically 6-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Chordae Tendineae Rupture

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Chronic Colitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Chronic Diarrhea

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Chronic Gastric Foreign Body

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Chronic Hepatitis

Onset: Typically diagnosed between 4-7 years, though onset can be earlier in breeds with copper storage disorders

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Chronic Hepatitis

Onset: Typically 4-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Chronic Kidney Disease

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Chronic Kidney Disease Staging

Onset: typically 7+ years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Chronic Nasal Discharge

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Chronic Pancreatitis

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Chronic Superficial Keratitis

Onset: Typically 3-5 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Chylothorax

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Coccidiosis

Onset: Primarily puppies

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Behavioral

Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Cold Agglutinin Disease

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Collapsing Trachea

Onset: Typically 4+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Collie Eye Anomaly

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Color Dilution Alopecia

Onset: Typically 6 months-3 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Compulsive Disorder

Onset: Typically 1-3 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Congenital Portosystemic Shunt

Onset: Typically under 2 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Congestive Cardiomyopathy

Onset: Typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Constipation

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Contact Dermatitis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Copper Storage Disease

Onset: Bedlington Terriers may show signs as young as 2-6 years; other breeds typically 4-8 years depending on accumulation rate

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Copper Storage Hepatopathy

Onset: Typically 2-6 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Cor Pulmonale

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Cor Triatriatum

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Corneal Dystrophy

Onset: Typically 4+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Corneal Foreign Body

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Coronary Artery Disease

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Endocrine

Cortisol Deficiency

Onset: Typically 4-6 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Cranial Cruciate Disease

Onset: Typically 4-8 years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Onset: typically 4-8 years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Craniomandibular Osteopathy

Onset: Typically 3-8 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Cryptococcosis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Cryptorchidism

Onset: Congenital

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Cutaneous Drug Reaction

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Cutaneous Horn

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Cutaneous Lymphoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Cutaneous Mast Cell Disease

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Cutaneous Vasculitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Cystitis

Onset: Any age, females more common

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Dacryocystitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Deep Pyoderma

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Degenerative Lumbosacral Stenosis

Onset: Typically develops in middle-aged to senior dogs (5-9 years), with progressive worsening

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Degenerative Valve Disease

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Demodectic Mange

Onset: Typically under 18 months or immunocompromised

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Other

Dental Cleaning Under Anesthesia

Onset: Annually for many breeds

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Dental

Dentigerous Cyst

Onset: Typically 1-3 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Dermoid Sinus

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Other

Dewclaw Injury

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Diabetes Complications

Onset: After diabetes diagnosis

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Diabetes Insipidus

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Endocrine

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Onset: Any age with diabetes

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Diaphragmatic Hernia

Onset: Any age (trauma) or congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Digital Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Dirofilariasis (Heartworm Disease)

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Distemper Encephalitis

Onset: Any age, unvaccinated

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Distichiasis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Doberman Hepatitis

Onset: Typically 4-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Drowning and Near-Drowning

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Drug Hypersensitivity

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Dry Eye (KCS)

Onset: Typically 4+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Dystocia

Onset: During whelping

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Ear Foreign Body

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Ectopic Ureter

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Ectropion

Onset: Typically present from birth or becomes apparent during the first year; may worsen with age as facial skin loosens

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Eisenmenger Syndrome

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Electrocution

Onset: Typically puppies

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Elongated Soft Palate

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Dental

Enamel Fracture

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Dental

Enamel Hypoplasia

Onset: Juvenile (during tooth development)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Endocardial Fibroelastosis

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Endocardiosis

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Endocarditis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Eye

Endophthalmitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Eosinophilic Bronchopneumopathy

Onset: Typically 2-6 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Epilepsy

Onset: Typically 1-5 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Epiphora (Excessive Tearing)

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Dental

Epulis

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Esophageal Foreign Body

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Esophageal Stricture

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Esophagitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Endocrine

Euthyroid Sick Syndrome

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Evans Syndrome

Onset: Typically 4-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Everted Laryngeal Saccules

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Behavioral

Excessive Barking

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Exercise Intolerance (Cardiac)

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Exercise-Induced Respiratory Distress

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency

Onset: Typically 1-5 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Exocrine Pancreatic Neoplasia

Onset: typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Eye

Eye Proptosis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Eyelid Tumors

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Neurological & Cognitive

Facial Nerve Paralysis

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Other

False Pregnancy

Onset: 6-12 weeks after heat

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Fanconi Syndrome

Onset: Typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Fear Reactivity

Onset: Typically 6 months-2 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Fibrocartilaginous Embolism

Onset: Typically 3-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Fibrosarcoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Fibrotic Myopathy

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Fishhook Ingestion

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Flea Allergy Dermatitis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Neurological & Cognitive

Fly-Catching Syndrome

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Follicular Dysplasia

Onset: Typically 1-4 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Food Allergy Dermatitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Food Protein Enteropathy

Onset: Typically 4-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Foreign Body Ingestion

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Fractures

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Fragmented Coronoid Process

Onset: Signs typically appear between 5-12 months of age during the rapid growth phase in large and giant breeds

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Frostbite

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Functional Thyroid Tumor

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Fungal Pneumonia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Gallbladder Mucocele

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Gastric Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Gastric Dilatation

Onset: Any age, large breeds

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Gastric Foreign Body

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Gastric Ulcers

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Gastritis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Gastroenteritis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Gastroparesis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Generalized Mange

Onset: Typically under 18 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Geriatric Onset Laryngeal Paralysis Polyneuropathy

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Giardia

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Dental

Gingival Hyperplasia

Onset: typically 2+ years

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Glomerulonephritis

Onset: Typically 5-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Gonadal Disorders

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis

Onset: Typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Grape and Raisin Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Growth Hormone Deficiency

Onset: Juvenile or adult

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Growth Plate Injuries

Onset: During growth (2-12 months)

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Heart Block

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Heart Murmurs

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Heartworm Prevention Protocols

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Heat Stroke

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Digestive

Helicobacter Infection

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Cancer

Hemangiopericytoma

Onset: Typically 7-10 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Hemophilia

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis (AHDS)

Onset: Typically 2-4 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Hepatic Abscess

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Onset: Young dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts may show signs before 1 year; acquired forms develop secondary to chronic liver disease at any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Hepatic Fibrosis

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Hepatic Lipidosis

Onset: any age, higher risk with obesity

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Skin & Allergies

Hepatocutaneous Syndrome

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Hepatozoonosis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

High Output Heart Failure

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Hip Luxation

Onset: Any age (trauma)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Histiocytic Sarcoma

Onset: Typically 6-9 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Histiocytomas

Onset: Typically under 3 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Histoplasmosis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Neurological & Cognitive

Horner Syndrome

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Behavioral

House Soiling

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Hydrocephalus

Onset: Congenital or any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Hydronephrosis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Hyperaldosteronism

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Hyperandrogenism

Onset: Any age, intact males

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Hypercalcemia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Hyperestrinism

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Hyperlipidemia

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Hyperparathyroidism

Onset: Primary form typically diagnosed in dogs over 7 years; secondary forms can occur at any age depending on underlying cause

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Hyperphosphatemia

Onset: Typically with kidney disease

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Hypertensive Retinopathy

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Hyperthyroidism

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Hypertrophic Osteopathy

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Hyphema

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Endocrine

Hypoglycemia

Onset: Any age, especially puppies

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Hypomagnesemia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Hypoparathyroidism

Onset: Typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Hypothyroid Skin Disease

Onset: Typically 4-10 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Hypoxic Brain Injury

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Iatrogenic Cushings Disease

Onset: Any age on steroids

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Ichthyosis

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Neurological & Cognitive

Idiopathic Head Tremor

Onset: Typically 1-5 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Idiopathic Laryngeal Paralysis

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Idiopathic Pericardial Effusion

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Iliopsoas Strain

Onset: Any age, athletic dogs

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Immune Complex Disease

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Immune-Mediated Meningitis

Onset: Typically 6 months-3 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Immune-Mediated Neutropenia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia

Onset: Typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia

Onset: typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Incisional Hernia

Onset: Post-surgical

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Indolent Corneal Ulcer

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Infective Endocarditis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Inherited Retinal Disease (PRA)

Onset: Variable by breed

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Insect Stings

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Insulinoma

Onset: Typically 8-12 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Insulinoma Clinical Management

Onset: Typically 8-12 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Interdigital Cysts

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Interdog Aggression

Onset: Typically 1-3 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Intervertebral Disc Disease

Onset: Typically 3-7 years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Intestinal Adenocarcinoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Intestinal Intussusception

Onset: Any age, usually young dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Intestinal Lymphangiectasia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Intestinal Lymphoma

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Intestinal Parasites

Onset: Any age, especially puppies

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Intracranial Hemorrhage

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Intraocular Melanoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Iris Melanosis

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Iron Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Ivermectin Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Dental

Jaw Fracture

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Joint Effusion

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Junctional Rhythm

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Juvenile Cellulitis (Puppy Strangles)

Onset: Typically 3 weeks-4 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Keratoconjunctivitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Kidney Stones (Nephrolithiasis)

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Laceration and Wound Care

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Large Bowel Diarrhea

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Lead Poisoning

Onset: Any age, puppies most common

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Behavioral

Leash Reactivity

Onset: Typically 6 months-3 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Left-Sided Heart Failure

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

Onset: Typically 4-12 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Leiomyosarcoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Leishmaniasis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Lens Luxation

Onset: Typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Leukemia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Endocrine

Leydig Cell Tumor

Onset: Typically 9+ years, intact males

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Lily Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Limb Contracture

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Lipomas

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Liposarcoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Lumbosacral Stenosis

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Lung Cancer

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Lung Lobe Torsion

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Lyme Disease (Borreliosis)

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Obesity & Metabolic

Malnutrition

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Dental

Malocclusion

Onset: Juvenile

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Mammary Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years, intact females

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Other

Mammary Hyperplasia

Onset: After heat or pregnancy

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Marijuana Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Mast Cell Activation Syndrome

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Mastitis

Onset: During/after lactation

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Mature Cataract

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

MDR1 Drug Sensitivity

Onset: Genetic condition present from birth; clinical reactions occur upon exposure to problem drugs at any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Medial Shoulder Instability

Onset: Typically 3-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Medullary Washout

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Melanoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Meningioma

Onset: Typically diagnosed in dogs over 7 years, with peak incidence between 9-14 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Meningitis

Onset: Typically 6 months-3 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin (MUO)

Onset: Typically 1-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Meningomyelitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Mesenteric Lymphadenitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Mesenteric Volvulus

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Mesothelioma

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Obesity & Metabolic

Metabolic Bone Disease

Onset: Growing puppies

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Microphthalmia

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Endocrine

Mineralocorticoid Deficiency

Onset: Typically 4-6 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Mitral Regurgitation

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Multiple Myeloma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Joint & Musculoskeletal

Muscle Contusion

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Muscular Dystrophy

Onset: Typically 8-10 weeks

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Mushroom Poisoning

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Myasthenia Gravis

Onset: bimodal: 1-4 years or 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Myiasis (Fly Strike)

Onset: Summer months

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Myocarditis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Myositis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Neurological & Cognitive

Narcolepsy

Onset: Typically under 6 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Nasal Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 9-11 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Nasal Dermatoses

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Nasal Foreign Body

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Nasal Lymphoma

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Nasal Parakeratosis

Onset: Typically 6 months-1 year

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Nasopharyngeal Polyp

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Neonatal Encephalopathy

Onset: Birth to 4 weeks

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Nephrotic Syndrome

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Mild Other

Neuter Timing and Considerations

Onset: Variable

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Nictitans Gland Prolapse (Cherry Eye)

Onset: Typically under 2 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Noise Phobia

Onset: Any age, often worsens with age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Noise Sensitivity

Onset: Any age, worsens with age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Non-Exertional Hyperthermia

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

NSAID Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Nuclear Sclerosis

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Neurological & Cognitive

Old Dog Vestibular Disease

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Onion and Garlic Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Dental

Oral Masses

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Oral Melanoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Dental

Oral Papillomatosis

Onset: Typically under 2 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Orbital Cellulitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Organophosphate Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Dental

Oronasal Fistula

Onset: Typically after untreated dental disease

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Osteomyelitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Osteopenia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Otitis (Ear Infections)

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

Onset: After spay

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Dental

Palatal Defects (Cleft Palate)

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Pancreatic Cancer

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Panniculitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Pannus (Chronic Superficial Keratitis)

Onset: Typically 4-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Panosteitis

Onset: Typically 5-14 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Parathyroid Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Parvovirus

Onset: Typically puppies 6 weeks-6 months

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Patellar Luxation

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Onset: Congenital (birth)

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Pattern Alopecia

Onset: Typically 6 months-2 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Pemphigus

Onset: typically 4-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Pemphigus Foliaceus

Onset: Typically 4-6 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Penile Paraphimosis

Onset: Any age, intact males

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Cancer

Perianal Adenoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years, intact males

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Perianal Gland Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Pericardial Mesothelioma

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Pericarditis

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Dental

Periodontal Disease

Onset: By age 3 in 80% of dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Onset: Pregnancy/postpartum

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

Onset: Typically 6-10 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Peripheral Nerve Tumor

Onset: Typically 7-10 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Neurological & Cognitive

Peripheral Neuropathy

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Digestive

Peritonitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Other

Permethrin Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Persistent Pupillary Membranes

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Persistent Right Aortic Arch

Onset: Congenital (weaning age)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Pheochromocytoma

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Endocrine

Pheochromocytoma (Endocrine)

Onset: Typically 10+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Phthisis Bulbi

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Pica

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Pigmentary Keratitis

Onset: Typically 3+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Pituitary Dwarfism

Onset: Juvenile

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Cancer

Plasma Cell Tumor

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Pleural Effusion

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Pneumonia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Pneumothorax

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Polyarthritis

Onset: Typically 3-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Polycystic Kidney Disease

Onset: Typically 3-10 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Polycythemia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome

Onset: Typically 3-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Porcupine Quills

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Portal Hypertension

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Post-Adrenalectomy Complications

Onset: After adrenal surgery

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Behavioral

Post-Traumatic Stress

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Premature Ventricular Contractions

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Primary Hyperaldosteronism

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Primary Immunodeficiency

Onset: Juvenile

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Progressive Retinal Atrophy

Onset: Variable by breed

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Eye

Prolapsed Third Eyelid Gland

Onset: Typically under 2 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Prostate Cancer

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Prostatic Hyperplasia

Onset: Typically 6+ years, intact males

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Protein-Losing Enteropathy

Onset: Typically 4-7 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Kidney & Urinary

Protein-Losing Nephropathy

Onset: Varies by breed; Soft-Coated Wheaten Terriers may present between 2-6 years; other breeds typically 5-8 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Pulmonary Abscess

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Pulmonary Contusion

Onset: Any age (trauma)

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Pulmonary Edema

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Onset: Typically diagnosed in middle-aged to senior dogs (8+ years); West Highland White Terriers may develop signs earlier

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Pulmonary Hypertension

Onset: Can occur at any age depending on the underlying cause; most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged to senior dogs

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Pulmonic Stenosis

Onset: Congenital (birth)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Pyelonephritis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Pyoderma

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Pyothorax

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Pythiosis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Rat Poison (Rodenticide) Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Rectal Polyps

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Rectal Prolapse

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Rectal Tumors

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Renal Amyloidosis

Onset: Typically 3-6 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Renal Dysplasia

Onset: Juvenile (under 2 years)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Renal Infarction

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Renal Tubular Acidosis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Resource Guarding

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Dental

Retained Deciduous Teeth

Onset: Typically 4-6 months

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Retinal Detachment

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Rhinitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Right-Sided Heart Failure

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Dental

Root Canal Therapy

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Salivary Gland Disease

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Salt Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Skin & Allergies

Sarcoptic Mange (Scabies)

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

SARDS

Onset: Typically 7-10 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Schnauzer Comedo Syndrome

Onset: Typically 2+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Neurological & Cognitive

Sciatic Nerve Injury

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Neurological & Cognitive

Scotty Cramp

Onset: Typically under 1 year

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Seasonal Flank Alopecia

Onset: Typically young adults

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Endocrine

Seasonal Flank Alopecia (Endocrine)

Onset: Typically 2-5 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Sebaceous Cyst

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Second-Degree Heart Block

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Secondary Cushings Disease

Onset: Typically 6+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Secondary Hypothyroidism

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Secondary Immunodeficiency

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Separation Anxiety

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Septic Arthritis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Other

Seroma

Onset: Post-surgical

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Endocrine

Sertoli Cell Tumor

Onset: Typically 8+ years, intact or cryptorchid males

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Sesamoid Disease

Onset: Typically 3+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Endocrine

Sex Hormone Dermatosis

Onset: Typically 2-8 years

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Sick Sinus Syndrome

Onset: Most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged to senior dogs (7+ years); Miniature Schnauzers may present earlier

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Heart & Cardiovascular

Sinus Arrhythmia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Sinus Bradycardia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Skin Fold Dermatitis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Skin Tags

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Small Bowel Diarrhea

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Digestive

Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Smoke Inhalation

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Snake Bite Envenomation

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Onset: Typically 8-12 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Solar Dermatitis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Spay Surgery Complications

Onset: At time of surgery

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Spina Bifida

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Spinal Cord Injury

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Splenic Masses

Onset: Typically 8-12 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Splenic Torsion

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Joint & Musculoskeletal

Spondylosis Deformans

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Sporotrichosis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Neurological & Cognitive

Status Epilepticus

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Stenotic Nares

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Dental

Stomatitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Behavioral

Storm Anxiety

Onset: Typically 2+ years, worsens with age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Stress Fracture

Onset: Any age, athletic dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Struvite Urolithiasis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Subaortic Stenosis

Onset: Congenital (birth)

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Dental

Sublingual Ranula

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Submersion Injury

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Dental

Supernumerary Teeth

Onset: Juvenile

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Supraventricular Tachycardia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH)

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Joint & Musculoskeletal

Synovial Cell Sarcoma

Onset: Typically 6-10 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Syringomyelia

Onset: Typically 6 months-4 years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Systemic Hypertension

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Onset: Typically 2-6 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Onset: Most commonly diagnosed between 2-6 years of age; rare before 1 year

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Other

Tail Injury

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Joint & Musculoskeletal

Tendon Avulsion

Onset: Any age, active dogs

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Tendon Injuries

Onset: Any age, especially active dogs

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Cancer

Testicular Cancer

Onset: Typically 8+ years, intact males

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Immune

Tetanus

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Tetralogy of Fallot

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Eye

Third Eyelid Tumors

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Third-Degree Heart Block

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Thoracolumbar Disc Disease

Onset: Typically 3-7 years

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Thromboembolism

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Thymoma

Onset: Typically 8+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Cancer

Thyroid Adenoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Cancer

Thyroid Cancer

Onset: typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Thyroid Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Endocrine

Thyroid Storm

Onset: Any age with thyroid disease

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Tick-Borne Diseases

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Toad Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Tonsillar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Dental

Tooth Abscess

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Dental

Tooth Fracture

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Dental

Tooth Migration

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Dental

Tooth Resorption

Onset: Typically 5+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Dental

Tooth Root Abscess

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Total Hip Replacement

Onset: Typically 2+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Neurological & Cognitive

Toxic Neuropathy

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Digestive

Toxic Plant Ingestion

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Toxoplasmosis

Onset: Any age, immunocompromised

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Tracheal Hypoplasia

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Respiratory

Tracheal Tear

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Transfusion Reactions

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 9-11 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Onset: Typically 7+ years

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Tricuspid Valve Dysplasia

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Neurological & Cognitive

Trigeminal Neuritis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Endocrine

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Onset: Typically 7-9 years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Joint & Musculoskeletal

Ununited Anconeal Process

Onset: Typically 5-8 months

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Kidney & Urinary

Urate Urolithiasis

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Ureteral Ectopia

Onset: Congenital

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Kidney & Urinary

Ureteral Obstruction

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Cancer

Urethral Carcinoma

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Urethral Sphincter Incompetence

Onset: Typically after spay

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Kidney & Urinary

Urinary Obstruction

Onset: Any age, primarily males

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Urinary Tract Infection

Onset: Any age, females more common

Partly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Uterine Torsion

Onset: During pregnancy

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Eye

Uveitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Moderate Immune

Vaccine Reactions

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Other

Vaginal Prolapse

Onset: Typically during estrus

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Valley Fever (Coccidioidomycosis)

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Respiratory

Valley Fever (Coccidioidomycosis)

Onset: Can occur at any age; young, active dogs with high outdoor exposure in endemic regions are most frequently diagnosed

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Vascular Ring Anomaly

Onset: Congenital (weaning)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Immune

Vasculitis

Onset: Can occur at any age; some breed-associated forms appear in young adults while drug- or infection-triggered vasculitis can develop at any life stage

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Serious Heart & Cardiovascular

Vasculitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Vehicular Trauma

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Ventricular Fibrillation

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Heart & Cardiovascular

Ventricular Septal Defect

Onset: Congenital (birth)

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Heart & Cardiovascular

Ventricular Tachycardia

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Kidney & Urinary

Vesicourachal Diverticulum

Onset: Congenital or acquired

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Vitamin D Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Skin & Allergies

Vitiligo

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Respiratory

Vocal Fold Paralysis

Onset: Typically 9+ years

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Mild Heart & Cardiovascular

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Xylitol Poisoning

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Yeast Dermatitis

Onset: Any age

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence
Life-Threatening Other

Zinc Toxicity

Onset: Any age

Partly Preventable Limited Supplement Evidence
Moderate Skin & Allergies

Zinc-Responsive Dermatosis

Onset: Typically young adults

Not Directly Preventable Supplement Evidence